How does cognitive psychology primarily differ from behaviorism?

Cognitive psychology primarily differs from behaviorism by focusing on internal mental processes rather than just observable behaviors. This discipline is concerned with how people think, learn, remember, and perceive, emphasizing the importance of understanding the cognitive functions that contribute to behavior. Cognitive psychologists study aspects like memory, problem-solving, language processing, and decision-making. This approach recognizes that internal mental states—such as beliefs, desires, and thoughts—play critical roles in understanding human behavior.

In contrast, behaviorism focuses solely on observable behaviors, asserting that psychology should be based on what can be measured and observed rather than on internal mental states. It emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli in shaping behavior and generally avoids discussing the cognitive processes that are central to cognitive psychology. By prioritizing internal processes, cognitive psychology provides a more comprehensive view of human thought and behavior that behaviorism does not address.