How much information can short-term memory hold?

Short-term memory reflects the cognitive processes involved in temporarily holding information for quick access. The correct statement regarding its capacity highlights that it can hold as much information as can be rehearsed in about two seconds. This aligns well with research conducted by cognitive psychologist George A. Miller, who proposed the concept of "chunking" in short-term memory and suggested that the duration of storage is crucial.

In practical terms, if someone can quickly repeat or rehearse the information, it can be maintained in short-term memory temporarily. This is particularly relevant in tasks where individuals need to remember a sequence of items for a brief period, like recalling a phone number after hearing it. The two-second window is a common timeframe for such rehearsal, allowing meaningful retention of information, even if the items exceed the stricter numerical limits often cited.

This perspective on short-term memory encapsulates its function outside of merely counting items and emphasizes the role of active engagement through rehearsal in maintaining information temporarily.