What does the concept of "working memory" refer to?

Working memory refers to a cognitive system that plays a crucial role in temporarily holding and manipulating information. It is essential for performing tasks that require mental effort, such as problem-solving, reasoning, and comprehension. This system allows individuals to keep relevant information accessible for active use while simultaneously processing or integrating that information with other data.

The nature of working memory is characterized by its transient state; information can be briefly retained but is subject to decay unless actively maintained through cognitive processes like rehearsal. This distinguishes it from long-term memory, which is more stable and involves the storage of information over extended periods. The flexibility and limited capacity of working memory enable individuals to engage in complex cognitive tasks effectively, showcasing its vital role in everyday functioning.

By understanding working memory as a transient memory for holding and processing information, one can appreciate its importance in learning and executing cognitive tasks.