Which psychologist is most associated with the concept of mental sets?

The concept of mental sets is most closely associated with Gestalt psychologists. Mental sets refer to a tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method has worked in the past. This idea aligns with the Gestalt principle, which emphasizes the organization of perception and how we mentally structure our experiences.

Gestalt psychologists focused on understanding the whole of human experience and behavior rather than just the individual components, underscoring the idea that prior experiences shape our current perceptions and approaches to problem-solving. Their work illustrates how mental sets can influence cognitive processes, highlighting how past solutions can constrain our thinking when faced with new problems.

In contrast, the other individuals listed have different focuses; for example, Sigmund Freud is primarily known for psychoanalysis and unconscious processes, John Dewey for his contributions to experiential education and pragmatism, and Edward de Bono for creativity and lateral thinking. These areas do not directly relate to the concept of mental sets, further emphasizing why the association is strongest with Gestalt psychologists.